Describe the stages in qualifying as a solicitor Essays

Describe the stages in qualifying as a solicitor Essays Describe the stages in qualifying as a solicitor Essay Describe the stages in qualifying as a solicitor Essay There are many ways in which to qualify as a solicitor. There are three main routes. The quickest way is to have an A-level in law first which would take roughly up to two years, or something equivalent to that, the next stage to that would be to do a law degree, this also takes two-three years. The next step is to do the one year legal practise course. This would be followed by a two year training period. Once you have completed these four steps you have qualified as a solicitor. Usually this route takes 7 years altogether. The second route is where you have got an A-level (or equivalent) and you want to take a degree in another subject. If this is the case then you would have to take the common professional examination, which is a one year law course, then after that the legal practise course (is one year) and then do the two year training period and you would then qualify as a solicitor, this route would take at least nine years. The third route is the longest route in becoming a solicitor. If all you have is 4 GSCEs and want to qualify as a solicitor, then you have to do the exams of institute of legal executives part one and two. After that you would have to work in solicitors office for two years. From this you would have to be admitted as a fellow of institute of legal executives, with this you must be over 25 and you must have also worked in a solicitors office for five years or more. When this has been completed you will the have to do the legal practise course for a year or you can do the two year training course along with passing all the final exams. When you have done this you have qualified as a solicitor, most people find that this is the longest route to qualify and can take up to 13 years. Which ever route you choose you must complete all stages otherwise you will not qualify. During the training in each the trainee will be paid, although it will not be the same amount as what the actual solicitors get it will be a trainee rate. Even after a solicitor has qualified they will still have to keep attending education courses so that their knowledge is kept up to date. There is also another route in which the non graduates can qualify as solicitors, if they become legal executives first. This route will only be eligible to candidates who are mature enough, and this route will take longer than what the graduate route would. There are a lot of expenses to pay when becoming a solicitor, especially in the training process. This is because there is a financial problem and students will usually have to pay the fees of the Legal Practise Course and it can cosy anything up to à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½7000. Also they will then have to support themselves during that year. The likely hood of somebody from a poorer family is quite unlikely as they cannot afford to pay for the course and they are then prevented from becoming solicitors even if they did obtain a good law degree. Some students may take out bank loans and students will then be starting the training period will a large debt. There is a way of overcoming this problem, and this is to go to a university which offers a four year degree course, it includes a law qualification and a practical course so that students only have to pay à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½1000 per year for their fees. There are many solicitors working in all different firms but depending on what firm you are in the work required can be quite different compared to other firms. There are many firms which range from high street firms to big city firms. A small high street firm will be a general practice, and will advise clients on many different topics for example housing and business matters, whilst a solicitor in practise will be likely to spend some of their time interviewing clients, and negotiating on their behalf. Also they will spend a large quantity of their time on paperwork (drafting contacts, wills, leases, and dealing with conveyance). A solicitor may also stand up for their client in a court, and pursuing their clients case further. A solicitor may not handle criminal cases civil actions only. Large city firms usually concentrate on things such as business and some commercial law. The amounts earned by solicitors vary as the different types of firms, but there are top earners in big firm s who can earn anything up to à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½500,000 annually, whilst solicitors at the bottom end can earn less than à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½30,000 a year for example sole practitioners. Solicitors can deal with advocacy in the magistrates court and the county court. A solicitor will deal directly with a client and will enter a contact with them. Barristers are mostly referred to as the bar. They are controlled by their own professional body-the general council of the bar. All barristers must also be members of one of the following court inns, Lincolns inn, Inner temple, Middle temple, and Grays inn. Barristers that are at the bar practising are often self employed, but they do usually work from a set of chambers, were they can then share administrative expenses with the other barristers. A majority of barristers will concentrate on advocacy, but there are some who will specialise in the area of tax and company law. All barristers have the right to audience in all courts in England and Wales. Those who will choose to concentrate on advocacy doing paperwork, giving advice and drafting documents will do this for the use in court. Usually barristers will operate something that is known as the cab rank rule, and this is where they cannot turn down a case if it is on the area of law that they deal with, they will be free to take the case, although barristers can turn down a case when it requires an investigation, or when it includes a service that they cannot provide. The access to justice act 1999 now allows barristers working for the cps to keep their rights of audience; also it all ows barristers who work in a solicitors firm to keep the right to present cases in court. Legal executives work in solicitors firms as assistants. Legal executives often deal with more strait forward cases, for example preparing wills or leases, keeping it simple. Legal executives also have certain rights of audience in court. The partners in the firm that the legal executive works for is responsible for their work. There are many similarities between solicitors, barristers and legal executives. These are as follows. Barrister and solicitors between prospective barristers and solicitors, they both face many financial problems in their time of becoming and doing their jobs Non graduates will only do one year of formal law for the common professional course to become either. The legal service ombudsman examines barristers and solicitors. They both can work together, (solicitor briefs the case for barristers. Both barristers and solicitors with an advocacy are eligible to apply to the lord chancellor to become a queens council (QC) Also barristers and solicitors can get sued for negligence by their clients. You need an A level or something equivalent to become either of these. Solicitors and barristers profession for representing ethnic minority are both equally represented. Solicitors, barristers and legal executives all have rights of audience. Also solicitors and legal executives both can work in the same place and they do the same kind of work. For example they both draft documents. They prepare wills, and can interview clients. Like barristers and solicitors, legal executives are responsible for their own work. Solicitors and barristers are both liable for negligence.

Government regulation of climate change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Government regulation of climate change - Essay Example As asserted by Leiserowitz (2006), climate change has impacted on the environment in many ways. These effects include the following but are not limited to; the melting ice sheets, rising level in sea, oceans are becoming acidic, the changing weather pattern, the changing in food, water sources, health risks in our habitats among other vivid effects. With these effects in mind, United States there asserts that all nations are at risk and necessary measures should be put in place in order to address the problem. Leiserowitz (2006) asserts that in matters pertaining to the resource and environment challenges brought about as a result of climate change, China is advocating for quick address of issues of energy conservation and emissions reduction which contribute greatly to climate change. They view it in the context introducing consumption modes which helps to conserve energy and resources and protect the environment (Leiserowitz, 2006). China insist that the problems of climate change can be handled by building a recycling based and a sustainable national economic system with features of low consumption of energy, low emissions and sustainable use of different sources of energy which promote a sound ecological environment. According to Leiserowitz, (2006), there is no doubt that there is need to approach the concept of climate change in balance way. Such approach assists in ensuring that there is normal life for all the inhabitants of the environment, which is affected by the climate, whilst securing future generations. Amazingly, scientists and other stakeholders continue to argue that there is need to reduce emission of poisonous gases into the atmosphere besides reducing the effect on greenhouse for the purposes of avoiding climatic change. In this perspective, every stakeholder has a responsibility of enhancing climatic conditions through reducing emissions and effect on the greenhouse. Consequently, there will be an ecological

Issues in Global Warming Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Issues in Global Warming - Research Paper Example The core first surface to be hit by the radiations suffers the most. Such surfaces may include trees in the forest, surfaces of the ocean, ice caps, and deserts. Green house effect causes the atmosphere to absorb more heat energy within the earth’s surface by absorbing and re-emitting long waves of energy; from the re-emitted energy, 90% is captured by the greenhouse gases. A greenhouse gas is a gas in the atmosphere that absorbs as well as, emits radiation inside a thermal infrared range. The primary greenhouse gases that are in the earth atmosphere are mainly water vapor, carbon dioxide which has the, ability to absorb radiation in the long wave, methane its mainly sources are termites, landfills, coal mining as well as, oil extractions its formula, is ch4, another gas is nitrous oxide found in the atmosphere and its sources are fossil fuel combustion, biomass burning as well as application of fertilizers, its formula is N2O. They occur naturally in an atmosphere with a mole cular composition, more than one atom, are loosely bound together to be able to vibrate with the absorption of heat, they act as a blanket for infrared radiation, where they radiate energy close to the surface that escapes directly to space. Atmospheric carbon dioxide is more concentrated today than at any time in at least 171 year back. It is approximately 35% higher than the year 1840. The present carbon dioxide concentration in the earth’s atmosphere is at a concentration of 392ppm by volume or 592 parts/million by mass. The total amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide in mass is about 3000, gigatonnes. Since 1860, there has been an increase of carbon dioxide concentration due to the age of industrialization as well as human interference such as deforestation as well as combustion of fossil fuel. Also about 40% of the carbon dioxide emitting is by volcanoes during eruptions which is approximately 130-230 million tones, another source of carbon dioxide emission is hot springs . Human carbon dioxide production, use of coal, oil as well as, production of cement, is high as 7.g million mass. Interglacial’s caused the rise of temperatures about 30% in carbon dioxide, with this hypothesis is correct then, temperatures rises by about 6 centigrade between 1840 to date. Another reason for an increase in carbon dioxide is through human respiration that produces 0.6 Gt c of carbon dioxide. Increased carbon dioxide increases the level of acidity in seawater, caused by an increase in carbon dioxide absorption in the sea water, which will increase and will result to affecting organism in the sea water also with the increase of acidity, and then there will be a decrease of carbonates for forming shells. Also from the increase of carbon dioxide, there will be acidic rain due to absorption of carbon dioxide by the clouds that will have an effect to the plants as well as trees, from this there will be no forest. Thus, there will be no rainfall resulting to drought as well as hunger. Another thing from the increase of carbon dioxide to the environment is the development of smog’s into the cities contributed mainly by factories. It is paramount to use the results obtained form researches and environmental forecasts, which would help in understanding the real effectiveness of global warming

Compare the Techniques Of My First Sonne and Limbo Essay Example for Free

Compare the Techniques Of My First Sonne and Limbo Essay When looking at the two poems it is clear that On my First Sonne is composed to deal with a father losing his seven year old son. While in comparison the poet Brathwaite is highlighting the topic of slavery. When comparing the two poems it is quite noticeable that they deal with life issues of death and sadness. However, once studying the two poems it is quite noticeable that both poems distinguish and highlight religion. This is highlighted in Limbo as it says in the last line on the burning ground. Which can be clearly suggested that it is portraying the Christian image of Hell. Which can be defined as a place where youre in torture, which relates to the life of an African Slave where there struggling for life in places e.g. the sugar plantations. In On My First Sonne its communicating to the reader about religion like Limbo. However, instead of comparing religion to torture, it is discussing can people envy his son because hes going to heaven? This is particularly shown in the following line where he leaves a question mark Will man lament the state he should envie? Looking at both the poems theres a huge contrast in there individuality and uniqueness. This is clearly shown through the way that both the poems are written. For example, Limbo is presented in free verse which is probably suggesting that the slaves once had an identity. The word Limbo emphasises that the free verse is trying to show that the slaves were his ancestors with an African past. However, Brathwaite is presenting that the slave dealers stripped his ancestors of an identity for example the dumb Gods are raising me. Showing that the poet has no knowledge of Africans Gods or culture. While in contrast, the techniques used in On My First Sonne shows a traditional English poem about his love to his son. It is also writing about the English tradition of the Church of England and an identity about what it is to be English. Which during its time was to believe in the old tradition of religion and heaven. Which when comparing the two it is noticeable that On My First Sonne shows identity and Limbo conveys lost identity. On My First Sonne it uses Trochaic pentameter in order to create the feeling of sadness by the use of a stressed and then a unstressed syllable. By using this technique it creates a feeling that the author is clueless which is shown through sentences like Will man lament the state he should envie? Limbo also uses Trochaic pentameter in order to create the feeling of sadness as the poem is talking about the struggle of slavery long dark deck and the water surrounding me. When looking at the tenses of On My First Sonne it uses past, present and future. For example in the first four lines there is a use of past. This is shown as he talks about his seven year old child and uses in the last sentence on the just day. It then changes to present, as the poet talks about in the next four lines Will man lament the state he should envie? suggesting he should envy his son because he is in heaven. This quote also shows that he has accepted the death of his son. It then goes to future as the poet mentions in soft peace. This poem shows to the reader that the poet wrote this poem over a long period of time. Showing to the reader the past represents that his child died, the present in between lines is mentioning the childs burial and the future is that the child is buried and now in heaven. In Limbo there is a use of only present tense and repetition of the title limbo. This technique is used to make the poem capture the audience and get into the character of a slave. Furthermore, the use of repetition creates a tempo and the beat is indicated as it uses the word drummers. However, in On My First Sonne there is a use of punctuation to create the tempo meaning the audience are less involved with the poem. In conclusion this essay shows to the reader the background of the poems one to do with slavery and another to do with England and the Church of England of faith. Furthermore, Im showing how both poems contrast and how language is used to show tempo and contrast.

Purpose And History Of SWAT Essay -- SWAT team S.W.A.T.

The History and Purpose of S.W.A.T. SWAT. The acronym invokes so many thoughts - danger, fighting crime, shootings, heavily artillery, TV, movies and more. The reality of SWAT is that it is all of that and more. When the acronym is fully expanded it translates to "special weapons and tactics" or as it was originally developed, "special weapons assault team". SWAT is a specialized, elite police unit trained to execute dangerous and specific operations that basic and even intermediate police training is not intended to handle. Commonly, many assume from knowledge gained from TV and movies about SWAT. These assumptions are often skewed because what happens on real missions is not always as entertaining as what is seen on the silver screen. The history, purpose, requirements, training, equipment, and tactics used during missions are all separate and important aspects in understanding SWAT. To completely understand why SWAT teams were developed, one must look at this history of swat, where it began, why it began, and how it progressed to be where modern teams are today. The first SWAT squad was established in Delano, California, where the local department was having difficulties containing the uprisings of local farm workers. This squad was established by training the entire department in crowd control along with sniper and anti-sniper tactics. At the same time, Los Angeles police units were experiencing difficulties in handling situations in which riots and snipers were terrorizing basic police units. In response to these difficulties, LAPD officer John Nelson presented the concept of a squad which was specially trained to handle such situations to Inspector Darryl F. Gates. Gates approved the concept of a "highly disciplined" ... ....). About the SORT Unit. Delaware State Police Special Operations Response Team. Retrieved April 1, 2006. From http://www.state.de.us/dsp/sort.htm. 2. (n.d.). SWAT/Tactical Teams. SWAT/Tactical Teams. Retrieved March 29, 2006. http://www.fema.gov/preparedness/resources/law_enforcement/swat_tactical_teams.htm 3. (n.d.). History of S.W.A.T. Official Website of the Los Angeles Police Department. Retrieved April 3, 2006. http://www.lapdonline.org/metropolitan_division/content_basic_view/849 4. (n.d.). S.W.A.T. Team Ââ€" Overview and History. The Albeline Police Department. Retrieved April 4, 2006. http://www.abilenepolice.com/swat/history.html 5. (n.d.). SWAT. Wickpedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved April 5, 2006. From http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWAT 6. (n.d.). SWAT Team. Bay County's Sheriff's Department. Retrieved April 2, 2006. http://www.bayso.org/swat.htm.

Biology Hsc Dot Points

BIOLOGY HSC NOTES MAINTAINING A BALANCE †¢Identify the role of enzymes in metabolism, describe their chemical composition and use a simple model to describe their specificity on substrates. Enzymes are protein molecules that allow the body to engage in chemical reactions, such as metabolism. There activities can be catalytic (being able to control the rate of either increasing/decreasing chemical reaction) Enzymes have a specific shape, and this shape must be intact, otherwise the effectiveness of their function will decrease.The shape may deform due to PH or temperature levels, the metabolic processes can be modified in three main ways by controlling the: Amount of enzymes, Catalytic activity of enzymes and accessibility of substance Metabolism is the total of all chemical reactions in the cell. Three factors that affect enzymes: PH, Substance Concentration and temperature. The substrate is the molecule on which an enzyme acts upon (food), this substrate/reactant fits onto the groove of the active site (the site where the enzymes break down the substance into products).That is why the shape is so important; the active sites shape must remain un-altered if the enzyme is to function correctly. This fit is known as the â€Å"induced fit†, much like a key fits a lock. When the active site breaks down the substance into products, this is known as the catalysis process. †¢Identify the pH as a way of describing the acidity of a substance PH (Parts per hydrogen) is the measure of acidity, or alkalinity in a liquid. Under 7 = acid (RED) 7 = Neutral (GREEN) Over 7 = Base (BLUE) Our stomach acid has a value of 2, Blood is around 7. . Arterial blood is around 7. 41 while venous blood is 7.36. Venous blood has a lower Ph due to the lower carbon dioxide levels which influence more acidic levels; likewise Arterial blood has a greater Ph as it receives the depleted cells that have a low level of Oxygen and a high level of Carbon dioxide. Urine is more acidic in the morning (Ph: 6. 5 – 7) as it is more concentrated and the kidney filters more so when the body is at rest. Acids †¢Produce H+ (As H30+) ions in water †¢Produce a negative ion (-) as well Taste sour †¢Corrodes metals †¢Reacts with bases to form salts and water. In the human body †¢Skin is mildly acidic (Ph = 5. 6) †¢Urine is acidic †¢Stomach acids is very acidic (Ph = 1 – 2) Acidic to eliminate bacteria’s †¢Blood Ph is about 7 †¢Saliva Ph is about 7 Ph Indicators are dyes that can be added to an liquid and will change its colour in the presence of an acid or base. It can also be in the form of Litmus paper, or an universal indicator in the form of drops) †¢Some dyes are natural such as radish or red cabbage.

Essay on Censoring Internet Pornography - 2472 Words

Introduction Pornography engages people on many levels. Some people enjoy pornography while others believe that the world would be best without it. Some would think that a song like Its Nice to be Nude is a cute song that is celebrating the joys of the human body. Others may think that it is obscene and not worth listening to. Pornography is highly subjective in respect to what it is, how it is defined, and its merits. The intent of this paper is to discuss pornography in a historical context and how it affects librarians in regards to its presence on the Internet. Definitions: Getting to Know All About It * Pornography: The word pornography originates from the Greek pornographes meaning literally†¦show more content†¦From drawings on cave walls7 to HBOs Sex and the City the depiction of sex appears to be one of the threads that ties the centuries together. Montgomery Hyde, while exploring the roots of Western pornography, found that even in the Bible there is an abundance of material in the Old Testament on the subject of pornography in its original sense of writing about prostitutes and their patrons, as there are also references which are certainly obscene if not pornographic in the wider sense as it is generally understood today.8 In early Greece, representations of men and women enjoying various forms of sexual intercourse were even depicted on the bottoms of childrens drinking bowls and plates, so that they could have something amusing to look at when they were having their meals.9 About the time of the birth of Christ, Ovid wrote for a Roman audience Ars Amorato ? a work if not pornographic in the strictest sense, at least highly erotic.10 The pornographic tradition continued in Western culture with works such as the Decameron, The Canterbury Tales in England, and the Heptameron in France.11 Fascination with the bawdy is also the basis for many a literary classic. Much of Shakespeares writing, for example, is of uninhibited ribaldries and obscenities.12 The depiction of the naked, sexual human form is also found throughout the art world.13 Indeed, walk into virtually any museum, artShow MoreRelated Children and the Censorship of Internet Pornography Essay4060 Words   |  17 Pages The Internet is a global network of vast information. With a few clicks, an individual can have access to up to 200 million web-sites filled with educational and recreational information. The Internet is not regulated in anyway (Carnegie Library 1). It is accessible throughout the entire world from the North to the South, to the early morning sunrise and dark sunsets. Different ethnicity and backgrounds come together linked upon this network resembling a connection of one body in unity. SadlyRead MoreSocially Acceptable : Sexually Explicit Material2283 Words   |  10 Pagesshown in commercials, ads, and movies are far from an ordinary woman. They are perfect. 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